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st: Lo-Mackinlay variance ratio test
For anyone interested in financial econometrics, the
SSC package lomackinlay.ado has some problems as of
version 1.0.4 (of 2006/05/23). This module calculates
the Lo-MacKinlay Variance Ratio test for the hypothesis
that a variable (typically the log of an asset price)
follows a random walk (with or without drift). But in
1.0.4 (don't know about earlier releases) both the
variance ratio and the standard error of the test statistic
are calculated incorrectly. This applies to both the "a
priori" standard error (assuming homoskedasticity of the
innovations) and the heteroskedasticity-robust
standard error.
For reference, I'm placing a corrected version of this
module at
http://ricardo.ecn.wfu.edu/~cottrell/stata/lomackinlay.ado.fixed
The fixes are explained in the comments.
I show below comparative results on the log of the weekly
NYSE close ("logp") -- data obtained from www.nyse.com.
For small values of 'q' (the order of differencing used in
constructing the variance ratio, VR), VR is not too far
off, but the test statistic (R_s) is way off in all cases.
*** using lomackinlay.ado 1.0.4 ***
Lo-MacKinlay modified overlapping Variance Ratio statistic for logp
[ 1974w3 - 1986w2 ]
q N VR R_s p>|z|
--------------------------------------------------
2 608 1.048 0.0484 0.9614
4 608 1.283 0.1511 0.8799
8 608 2.845 0.6236 0.5329
16 608 15.075 3.1977 0.0014
Lo-MacKinlay modified overlapping Variance Ratio statistic for logp
[ 1974w3 - 1986w2 ]
q N VR R_s p>|z|
--------------------------------------------------
2 608 1.048 0.0421 0.9664
4 608 1.283 0.2272 0.8203
8 608 2.845 0.7453 0.4561
16 608 15.075 3.1284 0.0018
Test statistics robust to heteroskedasticity
*** using fixed version ***
Lo-MacKinlay modified overlapping Variance Ratio statistic for logp
[ 1974w3 - 1986w2 ]
q N VR R_s p>|z|
--------------------------------------------------
2 608 1.039 0.9527 0.3408
4 608 1.114 1.5039 0.1326
8 608 1.185 1.5433 0.1228
16 608 1.157 0.8820 0.3778
Lo-MacKinlay modified overlapping Variance Ratio statistic for logp
[ 1974w3 - 1986w2 ]
q N VR R_s p>|z|
--------------------------------------------------
2 608 1.039 0.7710 0.4407
4 608 1.114 1.2155 0.2242
8 608 1.185 1.2721 0.2033
16 608 1.157 0.7326 0.4638
Test statistics robust to heteroskedasticity
--
Allin Cottrell
Department of Economics
Wake Forest University, NC
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