List of figures
List of tables
Acknowledgments
How to use this book
I Graphs for univariate data
1 Histograms
1.1 Introduction
1.2 A basic histogram
1.2.1 Custom bin widths
1.2.2 Changing the y axis
1.2.3 Bar labels
1.2.4 Added density plots
1.3 Spike plots
1.4 Histograms with varying bin widths
1.5 Multiple histograms
1.6 Mirrored histograms
1.7 Ridgeline histograms
2 Kernel density plots
2.1 Introduction
2.2 A basic kernel density plot
2.2.1 A shaded kernel density plot
2.2.2 Bandwidth choices
2.2.3 Kernel choices
2.3 Cumulative distribution plots
2.4 Multiple kernel density plots
2.5 Mirrored kernel density plots
2.6 Ridgeline kernel density plots
3 Box plots
3.1 Introduction
3.2 A basic box plot
3.2.1 Box plot options
3.3 Horizontal box plots
3.4 Box plots with histograms
3.5 Multiple box plots
4 Violin plots
4.1 Introduction
4.2 A basic violin plot
4.2.1 Custom bandwidths and kernels
4.3 Horizontal violin plots
4.4 Multiple violin plots
4.5 Custom widths
5 Dot plots
5.1 Introduction
5.2 A basic dot plot
5.2.1 Adjusting stack width
5.2.2 Adjusting marker size
5.2.3 Dot plots without binning
5.3 Multiple dot plots
5.4 Horizontal dot plots
5.5 Beam plots
5.6 Dot plots with box plots
5.7 Cumulative dot plots
6 Stem-and-leaf plots
6.1 Introduction
6.2 A basic stem-and-leaf plot
6.2.1 Custom bins
6.3 A graphical stem-and-leaf plot
6.4 A horizontal stem-and-leaf plot
6.5 Mirrored stem-and-leaf plots
7 Distributional diagnostic plots
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Symmetry plots
7.3 Skew plots
7.4 Quantile-uniform plots
7.5 Quantile-normal plots
7.6 Quantile χ plots
7.7 Quantile–quantile plots
8 Rootograms
8.1 Introduction
8.2 A basic rootogram
8.3 Hanging rootograms
8.3.1 Different theoretical distributions
8.3.2 Confidence intervals
9 Univariate bar charts
9.1 Introduction
9.2 A basic frequency bar chart
9.3 Percentage bar charts
9.4 Horizontal bar charts
9.5 Sorted bar charts
9.6 Multiple bar charts
9.7 Dot charts
10 Pie charts
10.1 Introduction
10.2 A basic pie chart
10.2.1 Too many categories
10.2.2 Labeling pie charts
10.2.3 Exploding pie charts
10.2.4 Sorting pie charts
10.3 Multiple pie charts
11 Radar charts
11.1 Introduction
11.2 A basic radar chart
11.2.1 Custom spoke labels
11.3 Multiple-radar charts
11.4 Radar charts with too few or too many categories
11.5 Frequency radar chart
II Graphs for bivariate data
12 Scatterplots
12.1 Introduction
12.2 A basic scatterplot
12.2.1 Important marker options
12.3 Scatterplots with multiple y and x variables
12.4 Scatterplots over categorical groups
12.5 Scatterplots with marginal distributions
12.6 Binned scatterplots
13 Heat plots
13.1 Introduction
13.2 A basic heat plot
13.2.1 Heat plot with frequency statistics
13.2.2 Custom colors
13.2.3 Custom bins
13.2.4 Proportional bin sizes
13.2.5 Scatter heat plots
13.3 Hex-heat plots
13.3.1 Custom bins
13.4 Sunflower plots
13.4.1 Custom bins
14 Line plots
14.1 Introduction
14.2 A basic line plot
14.2.1 Important line options
14.2.2 Multiple line plots
14.2.3 Line plots with markers
14.2.4 Different connecting styles
14.2.5 Multiple y axes
14.2.6 Unsorted, sorted, and missing data
14.2.7 Line graphs with arrows
14.3 Sparkline plots
14.3.1 Multiple sparkline plots
15 Area and shaded range plots
15.1 Introduction
15.2 A basic area plot
15.2.1 Different types of area plots
15.2.2 Important area plot options
15.3 Data with variation
15.4 Shaded range plots
15.4.1 Different types of shaded range plots
15.5 Pair plots
15.6 Multiple area and shaded range plots
16 Lines of best fit
16.1 Introduction
16.2 A basic best fit plot
16.2.1 Predicting out of range
16.3 Quadratic fits
16.4 Fractional polynomial fits
16.5 Multiple lines of best fit
16.6 Custom polynomial fits
16.7 Multiple custom polynomial fits
16.8 Custom polynomial fits with functions
16.9 Constrained lines of best fit
16.10 Nonparametric fits (smoothers)
16.10.1 Local polynomial smoother
16.10.2 Other bivariate smoothers
16.11 Lines of best fit with confidence intervals
16.12 Multiple lines of best fit with confidence intervals
16.13 Lines of best fit with recast confidence intervals
17 Jitter plots
17.1 Introduction
17.2 A basic jitter plot
17.3 A complex jitter plot
17.4 Jitter plots with continuous values
18 Table plots
18.1 Introduction
18.2 A basic table plot
18.2.1 Horizontal and percentage table plots
18.2.2 Complex table plot
18.2.3 Framed table plot
18.3 Three-way table plot
18.4 Balloon plots
18.4.1 Custom markers table plots
19 Bivariate bar charts
19.1 Introduction
19.2 A basic two-way frequency bar chart
19.2.1 Horizontal two-way frequency bar chart
19.2.2 Column, row, and cell percentage two-way bar charts
20 Stacked bar charts
20.1 Introduction
20.2 A basic two-way stacked frequency bar chart
20.3 Two-way stacked percentage bar chart
20.4 Slide plots
20.5 Mosaic plots
III Graphs for multivariate data
21 Matrix plots
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Correlation matrix
21.3 Matrix scatterplots
21.4 Multiple matrix scatterplots
21.5 Cross plots
21.6 Trellis plots
22 Contour plots
22.1 Introduction
22.2 A basic contour plot
22.2.1 Custom contour levels
22.3 Contour-line plots
22.4 Contour plots with custom colors
22.5 Contour plots with small and incomplete datasets
23 Trivariate heat plots
23.1 Introduction
23.2 A basic trivariate heat plot
23.2.1 Trivariate heat plot with a binary z variable
23.2.2 Trivariate heat plot scaled color fields
23.2.3 Trivariate heat plot with a categorical x variable
23.2.4 Trivariate heat plot with discrete y and x variables
24 Bubble plots
24.1 Introduction
24.2 A basic bubble plot
24.2.1 Bubble plot with marker labels
24.2.2 Bubble plot with different symbols
24.2.3 Bubble plot over multiple groups
25 Chernoff faces
25.1 Introduction
25.2 Basic Chernoff faces
25.2.1 Chernoff faces with custom ordering
25.2.2 Chernoff half faces
26 Triplots
26.1 Introduction
26.2 A basic triplot
26.2.1 Important triplot options
26.2.2 Multiple triplots
27 3D scatterplot
27.1 Introduction
27.2 A basic 3D scatterplot
27.2.1 Rotation
27.2.2 Modifying markers
27.2.3 3D scatterplots over groups
27.3.4 A note on large datasets
27.3 3D scatterplot without autoscaling
27.4 3D surface plots
IV Special graphs
28 Animated graphs
28.1 Introduction
28.2 A basic animated graph
29 Rainbow plots
29.1 Introduction
29.2 A basic rainbow plot
29.3 A complex rainbow line plot
29.4 A complex rainbow box plot
30 Plotting regression results
30.1 Introduction
30.2 Visualizing coefficients from one regression
30.2.1 Options for coefplot
30.3 Plotting coefficients from two regressions
30.4 Plotting coefficients from four regressions
30.5 Plotting coefficients from a regression with an interaction term
31 Maps
31.1 Introduction
31.2 A basic geographic map
31.2.1 Custom labels
31.3 Choropleth maps
31.3.1 Customization options
31.4 Submaps
32 Plotting equations
32.1 Introduction
32.2 A basic mathematical function
32.3 A custom equation
32.4 A statistical function
32.4.1 Overlaying
32.5 Polynomial regression terms
References
