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RE: st: Fwd: help with xtmixed and margins
From
"Visintainer, Paul" <[email protected]>
To
"'[email protected]'" <[email protected]>
Subject
RE: st: Fwd: help with xtmixed and margins
Date
Tue, 25 Sep 2012 08:27:10 -0400
Jim,
Two possibilities: first, the tests in margins are coming from an estimation command -- xtmixed. Thus, any tests done as post-estimation will be accomplished within a specific covariance structure which includes other covariates in the model. The t-test command doesn't account for the covariance structure.
Secondly, the margins command uses a "delta-method" for estimating the standard errors and uses a z-distribution. Below are two posts that deal with this issue.
http://www.stata.com/statalist/archive/2010-12/msg00597.html
http://www.stata.com/statalist/archive/2010-12/msg00597.html
-Paul
-----Original Message-----
From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of James prince
Sent: Tuesday, September 25, 2012 6:37 AM
To: [email protected]
Subject: Re: st: Fwd: help with xtmixed and margins
Paul,thank you for your suggestions. Regarding the t-test, I did
notice that MARGNS outputs SE. I converted them to SD (i.e.
sqrt(N)*se) and use the output in TTESTI. Notice in the output from
the t-test that the SE are the same as those reported by MARGIN,
however the p-values are very different from that reported by the TEST
command after MARGINS, POST. What am I missing?
Thank you again,
Jim
On Mon, Sep 24, 2012 at 1:44 PM, Visintainer, Paul
<[email protected]> wrote:
> Jim,
>
> The first thing to note is that, in your t-test command, you are using standard errors rather than standard deviations. Because the -margins- command is based on the prior estimation command, it outputs standard errors.
>
> Secondly, -margins- is a powerful, but complex command. I strongly recommend spending a lot time with the help file and its examples. (My printed copy is well-worn.) Also, -margins- has options to run the types of tests you want to do -- either with options or with related commands: e.g., -contrast- and -pwcompare-.
>
> I would also recommend getting some of the books on Stata programming (e.g., Sophie Rabe-Hesketh series on multilevel models and Michael Mitchell's book on visualizing regression models are very helpful. There are several other great texts at the Stata bookstore). These have a multitude of useful examples and commands.
>
> Paul
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of James prince
> Sent: Monday, September 24, 2012 1:10 PM
> To: [email protected]
> Subject: Re: st: Fwd: help with xtmixed and margins
>
> I did not get a reply on my post from last week. So let me ask a
> simpler question.
>
> After a simple XTMIXED (intercept model and no interaction terms),
> what is the difference between:
>
> margins overweight, over( month)
>
> and
>
> margins, over( month overweight)
>
> They yield different results.
>
> Thank you,
>
> Jim
>
> On Fri, Sep 21, 2012 at 8:32 AM, James prince <[email protected]> wrote:
>> Hi,
>>
>> I am new to Stata XTMIXED command and having some trouble. I hope
>> someone could help.
>> I am using the command MARGINS to predict the fitted means for what I
>> thought was a simple mixed model (random intercept only).
>> I have longitudinal data on children collected a 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 months.
>> I'm interested in the relationship between a physical activity score
>> (score) and weight (dichotomized as overweight, yes, no).
>> I'm treating "month" as discrete, and will like to test if the mean
>> fitted score differs between by overweight status within month.
>> Here is what I did:
>>
>> . noi xtmixed score i.overweight i.race i.month bwt bln i.nedu
>> i.gender || id:,mle
>>
>> <...>
>>
>> I then use MARGINS with POST:
>> . margins overweight,over( month) post
>>
>> Predictive margins Number of obs = 1748
>>
>> Expression : Linear prediction, fixed portion, predict()
>> over : month
>>
>> ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> | Delta-method
>> | Margin Std. Err. z P>|z| [95%
>> Conf. Interval]
>> -----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
>> month#overweight |
>> 3 0 | 100.9859 .4955637 203.78 0.000 100.0146
>> 101.9572
>> 3 1 | 99.36709 .6820952 145.68 0.000 98.03021
>> 100.704
>> 6 0 | 103.8597 .5121105 202.81 0.000 102.8559
>> 104.8634
>> 6 1 | 102.2409 .6479719 157.79 0.000 100.9709
>> 103.5109
>> 9 0 | 97.75468 .5267714 185.57 0.000 96.72223
>> 98.78714
>> 9 1 | 96.13588 .636223 151.10 0.000 94.88891
>> 97.38285
>> 12 0 | 102.2707 .5738975 178.20 0.000 101.1458
>> 103.3955
>> 12 1 | 100.6519 .6700738 150.21 0.000 99.33853
>> 101.9652
>> ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>> And then TEST to test difference at each month. For example at 3 months:
>> . test 3.month#0.overweight= 3.month#1.overweight
>>
>> ( 1) 3bn.month#0bn.overweight - 3bn.month#1.overweight = 0
>>
>> chi2( 1) = 7.05
>> Prob > chi2 = 0.0079
>>
>> However, when I do a t-test using the values form margin, a very
>> different answer is observed:
>>
>> . ttesti 373 100.9859 9.5709248 96 99.36709 6.6831408
>>
>> Two-sample t test with equal variances
>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> | Obs Mean Std. Err. Std. Dev. [95% Conf. Interval]
>> ---------+--------------------------------------------------------------------
>> x | 373 100.9859 .4955637 9.570925 100.0114 101.9604
>> y | 96 99.36709 .6820952 6.683141 98.01296 100.7212
>> ---------+--------------------------------------------------------------------
>> combined | 469 100.6545 .4189191 9.072283 99.83135 101.4777
>> ---------+--------------------------------------------------------------------
>> diff | 1.61881 1.036685 -.418334 3.655954
>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> diff = mean(x) - mean(y) t = 1.5615
>> Ho: diff = 0 degrees of freedom = 467
>>
>> Ha: diff < 0 Ha: diff != 0 Ha: diff > 0
>> Pr(T < t) = 0.9405 Pr(|T| > |t|) = 0.1191 Pr(T > t) = 0.0595
>>
>>
>> So, I have two questions:
>> 1. How can I compare the adjusted scores by overweight status for each month?
>> 2. What is the difference between these two MARGIN commands? They
>> yield different results:
>>
>> . margins overweight, over( month)
>> and
>> . margins, over( month overweight)
>>
>> Thank you,
>> James.
>>
>> *
>> * For searches and help try:
>> * http://www.stata.com/help.cgi?search
>> * http://www.stata.com/support/statalist/faq
>> * http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/stata/
>
> *
> * For searches and help try:
> * http://www.stata.com/help.cgi?search
> * http://www.stata.com/support/statalist/faq
> * http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/stata/
>
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Please view our annual report at http://baystatehealth.org/annualreport
CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE: This e-mail communication and any attachments may contain confidential and privileged information for the use of the designated recipients named above. If you are not the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that you have received this communication in error and that any review, disclosure, dissemination, distribution or copying of it or its contents is prohibited. If you have received this communication in error, please reply to the sender immediately or by telephone at 413-794-0000 and destroy all copies of this communication and any attachments. For further information regarding Baystate Health's privacy policy, please visit our Internet site at http://baystatehealth.org.
*
* For searches and help try:
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