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st: Tabout including all categories
From
Elizabeth Knaster <[email protected]>
To
"'[email protected]'" <[email protected]>
Subject
st: Tabout including all categories
Date
Wed, 28 Dec 2011 17:35:04 +0000
Thanks for your reply. Yes, I meant to say "cells with zero frequencies." Any ideas?
Take care,
Liz
Elizabeth Knaster, MPH
Project Coordinator
Urban Indian Health Institute
Seattle Indian Health Board
Phone: 206-812-3032
Fax: 206-812-3044
Email: [email protected]
Sign up for the UIHI's Weekly Resource E-mail here or subscribe at http://www.uihi.org/. ; The Weekly Resource E-mail is UIHI's primary communication on opportunities for staff development, grant announcements and other relevant public health information.
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 22 Dec 2011 20:22:56 +0000
From: Nick Cox <[email protected]>
Subject: Re: st: Tabout including all categories
Showing zero values is not a problem with any tabulation command. Do
you mean cells with zero frequencies?
Nick
On Thu, Dec 22, 2011 at 7:31 PM, Elizabeth Knaster <[email protected]> wrote:
> Hello! I could use some help with tabout:
>
> I want to use tabout to produce tables with all categories of a variable, even if the value is equal to zero. I have installed fre from SSC and have successfully used includelabeled, for example, "fre agecat, includelabeled" but I am unable to use "includelabeled" with tabout. Is there a way to incorporate fre and includelabeled in the tabout syntax? Or is there some other way to have tabout display all categories of a variable, including zero?
>
> This is the current code I am using, for reference:
>
> foreach var0 in sex agecat durdmcat dmtype BMIcat {
> tabout `var0' year using "AllSitesTrends.xls", append mi c(freq col) f(0 3p) clab(N %)
> }
>
> Thanks, and happy holidays!
>
> Liz
>
> Elizabeth Knaster, MPH
> Project Coordinator
> Urban Indian Health Institute
> Seattle Indian Health Board
> Phone: 206-812-3032
> Fax: 206-812-3044
> Email: [email protected]
>
> Sign up for the UIHI's Weekly Resource E-mail here or subscribe at http://www.uihi.org/. ; The Weekly Resource E-mail is UIHI's primary communication on opportunities for staff development, grant announcements and other relevant public health information.
>
>
> *
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------------------------------
Date: Thu, 22 Dec 2011 15:44:51 -0500
From: Eric N <[email protected]>
Subject: st: random effects models with weighted observations
My understanding is that there have been some user defined models like
xtregre2 since xtreg, re does not permit weighting of observations.
Does anybody have experience with xtregre2 and some advice in using
it.
- --Eric
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------------------------------
Date: Thu, 22 Dec 2011 15:56:37 -0500
From: Austin Nichols <[email protected]>
Subject: Re: st: analysis of cluster of fungal infection in an ICU-unit
roland andersson <[email protected]>:
I meant that if you just want a test of whether a given type of
infection is more likely after the same type, which you have already
said you observed in a graph, you could run a simple mlogit. No
infection could also be a category modeled, and you could include all
the negative results.
For example, here is a case where the null is true (no clustering
implied by the DGP):
clear
range id 1 1000 1000
g type=ceil(uniform()*6)
tsset id
g lasttype=l.type
mlogit type i.lasttype
A more sensible analysis might use duration with exact times of tests
and entry into into the ICU, as opposed to simple order of test for
infection, and try to isolate the actual mechanism causing the
observed clustering, perhaps using a competing risks analysis on time
to infection (with leaving the ICU being a censoring event). A good
model should incorporate a deep understanding of the science and
setting, which I do not have for fungal infections in an ICU. I would
suspect ceiling tiles before staff, for example, but you clearly have
a reason for suspecting the staff of transmitting the infections.
On Wed, Dec 21, 2011 at 5:50 PM, roland andersson
<[email protected]> wrote:
> Austin
<snip>
> I do not understand what you mean by "You could just run an -mlogit-
> of type on last type"?
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------------------------------
Date: Thu, 22 Dec 2011 16:40:55 -0500
From: "Data Analytics Corp." <[email protected]>
Subject: Re: st: RE: Hierarchical Bayes with MCMC
Hi,
This is good news. I'll definitely look at the web site and pdf file.
Thanks for the help,
Walt
________________________
Walter R. Paczkowski, Ph.D.
Data Analytics Corp.
44 Hamilton Lane
Plainsboro, NJ 08536
________________________
(V) 609-936-8999
(F) 609-936-3733
[email protected]
www.dataanalyticscorp.com
_____________________________________________________
On 12/22/2011 6:23 AM, George Leckie wrote:
> Following on from Nick Cox's comment.
>
> Yes, you can fit multilevel logistic regression models by Bayesian
> estimation (MCMC) in Stata by using the runmlwin command to call the MLwiN
> statistical software package.
>
> You can also fit a wide range of other multilevel models by both likelihood
> and Bayesian methods.
>
> We gave a talk on runmlwin at the recent UK Stata Users' Group, 17th
> Meeting (16th September 2011)
>
> http://www.bristol.ac.uk/cmm/media/runmlwin/London.pdf
>
> We have also set up a runmlwin website for interested users which contains
> comprehensive documentation, worked examples and an active discussion forum
>
> http://www.bristol.ac.uk/cmm/software/runmlwin/
>
> In particular, see our examples page where there are sample data sets,
> do-files and log files showing you how to fit multilevel logistic
> regressions by MCMC as well as many other models.
>
> http://www.bristol.ac.uk/cmm/software/runmlwin/examples/
>
> The command can be downloaded from SSC in the usual way
>
> . ssc install runmlwin, replace
>
> While MLwiN is a commercial package, MLwiN is free to UK academics (thanks
> to ESRC funding body) and a fully functional 30-day free version of MLwiN
> is available to all other users.
>
> Best wishes
>
> George
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------------------------------
Date: Thu, 22 Dec 2011 18:08:05 -0400
From: Daniel Marcelino <[email protected]>
Subject: st: capture results from tabulate
Dear all,
I looking for capture somehow the higher value showed in "Freq."
column, as well the label of v3 for each city table. Any idea?
bysort city : tabulate v3 [iw=weight]
/*replication*/
clear
input str2 city weight byte(v1 v2 v3)
"a" .5 1 2 3
"a" .1 2 3 4
"a" .9 3 2 5
"a" .8 3 4 2
"a" .2 4 5 1
"a" .3 5 1 3
"b" .4 1 4 3
"b" .1 2 3 4
"b" .6 3 2 5
"b" .8 4 1 2
"b" .5 4 5 1
"b" .7 1 5 4
"c" .4 2 1 3
"c" .2 2 4 1
"c" .7 3 4 5
"c" .3 4 1 2
"c" .8 4 5 1
"c" .1 5 4 3
end
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------------------------------
Date: Thu, 22 Dec 2011 22:16:48 +0000
From: Nick Cox <[email protected]>
Subject: Re: st: capture results from tabulate
Use -contract- instead. Under -by:- only the last table is saved
Nick
On 22 Dec 2011, at 22:08, Daniel Marcelino <[email protected]> wrote:
> Dear all,
>
> I looking for capture somehow the higher value showed in "Freq."
> column, as well the label of v3 for each city table. Any idea?
>
> bysort city : tabulate v3 [iw=weight]
>
>
> /*replication*/
> clear
> input str2 city weight byte(v1 v2 v3)
> "a" .5 1 2 3
> "a" .1 2 3 4
> "a" .9 3 2 5
> "a" .8 3 4 2
> "a" .2 4 5 1
> "a" .3 5 1 3
> "b" .4 1 4 3
> "b" .1 2 3 4
> "b" .6 3 2 5
> "b" .8 4 1 2
> "b" .5 4 5 1
> "b" .7 1 5 4
> "c" .4 2 1 3
> "c" .2 2 4 1
> "c" .7 3 4 5
> "c" .3 4 1 2
> "c" .8 4 5 1
> "c" .1 5 4 3
> end
> *
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------------------------------
Date: Thu, 22 Dec 2011 18:18:00 -0500
From: Steve Samuels <[email protected]>
Subject: Re: st: standard errors after xtmixed, predit.., fitted
Correction:
If q = 1 - p
se_logit = se_p/(p*q)
se_logit^2 = (se_p/(p*q))^2
Steve
Jennyfer.
If there are not many different regions at your highest level, I doubt that you should be fitting each a random effect-in what sense are they random?; fixed effects for the highest levels would probably be better.
In addition to a covariance term (below), you will need to add a term for the survey standard errors. If se_p is the estimated survey standard error for a proportion p, then the squared standard error for the logit to add would be: se_logit^2 = se_p^2/(p*(1-p)).
And yes, compute interval endpoints on the logit scale and convert back with the invlogit() function. And no, back-transformed standard errors (or SDs) need not look like those for the original data.
***********************
sysuse auto, clear
gen lprice = log(price)
mean price lprice
di exp(0.0455814)
******************
You have an additional problem if the yearly estimates for a single country are correlated by virtue of the survey design. I would have considered adding a correlation structure to the residual s.
Here is how to add the covariance contribution to the standard error ifor Stata -productivity- example. Note that the "atr" term is the hyperbolic arctangent, not the log, of the correlation.
***********************************************
webuse productivity, clear
xtmixed gsp private emp hwy water other unemp ///
|| region: || state: unemp, cov(unstructured) reml
matrix list e(b) //names of terms
scalar sd_err = exp([lnsig_e]_cons )
scalar sd_region = exp([lns1_1_1]_cons)
scalar sd_state_u = exp([lns2_1_1]_cons)
scalar sd_state = exp([lns2_1_2]_cons)
scalar atrho = [atr2_1_1_2]_cons
scalar rho = (exp(2*atrho)-1)/(exp(2*atrho)+1)
scalar cov = rho*sd_state*sd_state_u
scalar dir // check these quantities against results
predict fitted, fitted
predict se_fix, stdp
gen se_fitted= ///
sqrt(se_fix^2 +sd_region^2 + sd_state^2 ///
+ (unemp*sd_state_u)^2 +unemp*2*cov + sd_err^2)
sum se_fit*
*****************************************************
When you post in the future, please describe what you really did (Statalist FAQ Section 3.3). It will save a lot of time. Just to warn you: I'll have only infrequent looks at Statalist for the next 10 days.
Steve
[email protected]
On Dec 22, 2011, at 6:11 AM, Jennyfer Wolf wrote:
Dear Steve, thanks again so much!
I have data from different surveys (survey point estimates) and I use
a term for unstructured covariance in my model:
xtmixed wat_tot year_spline1*|| reg1: || reg2: || country2:year_cat,
cov(unstructured).
so I will add an error term for this in my calculation of the fitted
standard error:
scalar sd_cov = exp([atr3_1_1_2]_cons)
Actually wat_tot (the dependent variable) is transformed with logit(),
to restrict observations between 0 and 1 as I am modelling
proportions.
After "predict A, fitted" I use the inlogit() command to get the
backtransformed estimates. However, I had problems to backtransform
the standard errors because when I compared standard errors received
without any transformation of the dependent variable and
backtransformed standard errors received from a transformed dependent
variable, these values were very different. Would you know a solution
to this (is it correct to also backtransform the fitted standard
error) and also (of course) I would like to restrict my confidence
intervals to values between 0 and 1.
One concern rests relating to the confidence intervals I calculate
with the fitted standard errors:
The model fits the individual country data very well and the
predictions for the estimates and the fitted values seem very
sensible, however, the standard error and the CIs calculated with the
method you proposed for the fitted values are huge and actually take
any sense away from making a prediction..
Does that mean I need to mak my model simpler?
Thank you very much for the great support!
Jennyfer
2011/12/22 Steve Samuels <[email protected]>:
> Jennyfer,
>
> I misunderstood your request: my solution was for an observation chosen at random and it incorrectly omitted the residual SD term, to boot. Try this.
>
> *******************************************
> webuse productivity, clear
> xtmixed gsp private emp hwy water other unemp ///
> || region: || state: unemp
>
> matrix list e(b) //names of terms
> scalar sd_res = exp([lnsig_e]_cons)
>
> predict se_fix, stdp
> predict se_region se_state_u se_state, reses
> des se* //check against variable labels
> gen se_fitted = ///
> sqrt(se_fix^2 +se_region^2 + se_state^2 ///
> + (unemp*se_state_u)^2 +sd_res^2)
> *******************************************
>
> I think that in your case the last three statements will be:
> ******************************************************************
> predict se_region1 se_region2 se_country_year se_country, rses
> des se* //check against variable labels
> sqrt(se_fix^2 +se_region1^2 + se_region2^2 + ///
> + se_country^2 + (year_cat*se_country_year)^2 +sd_res^2)
> ******************************************************************
>
> Note that these statements assume that there is no correlation between the country and countryXyear random effects, which is what your model implies. If there is such correlation (and you can test for it), then a covariance term must be added to the estimated standard error.
>
> If you happen to have sample survey data, then be sure to read the section of Survey Data in the manual entry for -xtmixed-.
>
> Steve
> [email protected]
>
>
> On Dec 21, 2011, at 10:01 AM, Jennyfer Wolf wrote:
>
> Thank you very much for your answer. I've tried it in many different
> variations but I guess there are problems with this approach:
>
> 1. the squared standard deviations that we are adding up are
> describing variation from the fixed effects but, when I understand
> right, not the error of the model
>
> 2. the CIs I need describe the uncertainty for the estimates for each
> country so countries with more datapoints have a narrower CI and also
> for future predictions the CI should get wider (which does not happen
> with the approach you suggested.
>
> I tried gllamm and used the "ci_marg_mu" command after "gllapred x, mu
> marg fsample" but this does not fit to my individual country data and
> still gives me the same CIs no matter how many survey points I have
> per country.
>
> Any more ideas on how to get confidence intervals after "xtmixed" and
> "predict x, fitted" for the predicted values in multilevel modeling?
> (Alternatively with gllamm)
> Thank you very, very much.
>
> Jennyfer
>
>
> 2011/12/17 Steve Samuels <[email protected]>:
>>
>> Correction: I should not have included the SD for the error term, as it is not part of the fitted value.
>>
>>
>> Here's an example more like yours, but with two levels, not three. I expect that you can take it
>> from here
>> *******************************************
>> webuse productivity, clear
>> xtmixed gsp private emp hwy water other unemp || region: || state: unemp
>>
>> matrix list e(b) //names of terms
>> scalar sd_region = exp([lns1_1_1]_cons)
>> scalar sd_state_u = exp([lns2_1_1]_cons)
>> scalar sd_state = exp([lns2_1_2]_cons)
>> scalar dir // check these SDs against results
>>
>> predict se_fix, stdp
>>
>> gen se_fitted = ///
>> sqrt(se_fix^2 +sd_region^2 + sd_state^2 + (unemp*sd_state_u)^2)
>> *******************************************
>>
>
>> Steve
>> [email protected]
>>
>> On Dec 16, 2011, at 11:34 AM, Jennyfer Wolf wrote:
>>
>> Dear Statalist,
>>
>> sorry for asking the question again, but we are a bit desperate so it
>> would be great if anybody has a solution for my question:
>>
>> Is it possible to get standard errors for the fitted values of a
>> multilevel-model (three levels, random slope and intercept) after
>>
>> xtmixed dep_var indep_var || region1: || region2: || country :year_cat
>> predict var, fitted
>>
>> ?
>>
>> We would like to present the estimated values with a confidence interval?
>> If it is not possible to get the standard errors for the predicted
>> values from Stata, is it possible to calculate these values from the
>> Standard Errors from the individual estimates?
>>
>> Thank you very very much.
>> With kind regards,
>> Jennyfer
>> *
>
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------------------------------
Date: Fri, 23 Dec 2011 00:41:09 +0100
From: Klaus Pforr <[email protected]>
Subject: st: doopt in ml estimated commands
<>
dear listers,
I am working on a modified clogit-command, and found in the
"builtin"-command and many other commands, that estimate with ml, a
syntax-line, that contains a DOOPT-option. I do not quite understand
what options fall in this categories, especially as in some commands,
a further *-catch-all-option is also added. I guess, that this catches
all the display-options for the ml-command, that are passed on to it,
but I would be happy, if anyone can confirm this speculation.
kind regards
Klaus
- --
Klaus Pforr
MZES AB - A
Universität Mannheim
D - 68131 Mannheim
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------------------------------
Date: Fri, 23 Dec 2011 01:09:41 +0100
From: roland andersson <[email protected]>
Subject: Re: st: analysis of cluster of fungal infection in an ICU-unit
Austin
Thank you for this nice example. Your response helps me in my own
process. I also leran more about Stata.
Your example only takes the order into consideration, whereas we are
interested in the distance in time between the infected patients, ie
during a weeks interval there may have been many non-infected patients
as well as patients with many different fungal clones. We want to have
a "moving window" in time were we can compare the clones of all the
patients that were in the ICU unit within that window and identify the
number of patients with identical clones among all patients with
infection of all variable clones. If such patients are more common
than by chance it may indicate a transmission.
My plan is to create a dataset of all possible pairs of patients. I
create a variable sameclone that identify pairs infected with same
clone. I create dichotome variables that define a timeperiod that is
close in time (2,3,4 days and so in) and tabulate sameclone against
closeintime. From the margins I can calculate the expected number of
sameclone and closeintime pairs and compare the expected with the
observed. This will show if there is clustering in time.
What do you think?
About fungal infection. Many of us carry some fungal spores at times
on our bodies (mostly candida). There are many different clones of
these fungus species. So if many patients that are at the same time in
an ICU unit are found to have the same clone we suspect that a
transmission may have occurred. We need to find out if this is only
occurring only by chance. The human fungus do not come from the
building.
Greetings and Merry Christmas
Roland
2011/12/22 Austin Nichols <[email protected]>:
> roland andersson <[email protected]>:
>
> I meant that if you just want a test of whether a given type of
> infection is more likely after the same type, which you have already
> said you observed in a graph, you could run a simple mlogit. No
> infection could also be a category modeled, and you could include all
> the negative results.
>
> For example, here is a case where the null is true (no clustering
> implied by the DGP):
>
> clear
> range id 1 1000 1000
> g type=ceil(uniform()*6)
> tsset id
> g lasttype=l.type
> mlogit type i.lasttype
>
> A more sensible analysis might use duration with exact times of tests
> and entry into into the ICU, as opposed to simple order of test for
> infection, and try to isolate the actual mechanism causing the
> observed clustering, perhaps using a competing risks analysis on time
> to infection (with leaving the ICU being a censoring event). A good
> model should incorporate a deep understanding of the science and
> setting, which I do not have for fungal infections in an ICU. I would
> suspect ceiling tiles before staff, for example, but you clearly have
> a reason for suspecting the staff of transmitting the infections.
>
> On Wed, Dec 21, 2011 at 5:50 PM, roland andersson
> <[email protected]> wrote:
>> Austin
> <snip>
>> I do not understand what you mean by "You could just run an -mlogit-
>> of type on last type"?
>
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------------------------------
Date: Thu, 22 Dec 2011 22:09:23 -0600
From: Stas Kolenikov <[email protected]>
Subject: Re: st: random effects models with weighted observations
On Thu, Dec 22, 2011 at 2:44 PM, Eric N <[email protected]> wrote:
> My understanding is that there have been some user defined models like
> xtregre2 since xtreg, re does not permit weighting of observations.
> Does anybody have experience with xtregre2 and some advice in using
> it.
You can fit weighted multilevel models with -gllamm-.
- --
Stas Kolenikov, also found at http://stas.kolenikov.name
Small print: I use this email account for mailing lists only.
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------------------------------
Date: Fri, 23 Dec 2011 16:37:15 +1100
From: <[email protected]>
Subject: st: Can Stata rotate a discriminant analysis?
Hi, I am running a discriminant analysis (using candisc) and the correlation structure is difficult to interpret. Is it possible for Stata to rotate the solution like with a factor analysis to increase interpretability? Any suggestions appreciated, Rod
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------------------------------
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