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RE: st: Recovering cell values from odds ratios
From
"King, Carina" <[email protected]>
To
"'[email protected]'" <[email protected]>
Subject
RE: st: Recovering cell values from odds ratios
Date
Tue, 31 May 2011 14:49:29 +0100
Ok, I don't think I have the baseline odds, and don't have the breakdown of numbers according to exposure, so not sure I can calculate the original numbers....
Thanks for all the help nonetheless!
Carina
-----Original Message-----
From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] On Behalf Of Maarten Buis
Sent: 31 May 2011 14:08
To: [email protected]
Subject: Re: st: Recovering cell values from odds ratios
On Tue, May 31, 2011 at 2:42 PM, King, Carina <[email protected]> wrote:
> The 'p' is the calculation from p=o/(1+o), and all the numbers were calculated, apart from the OR and the number of cases (218) and controls (14748).
>
> Taking 'unconsciousness' as the example:
>
> P= 3.54/(1+3.54)
> P= 0.77973
The o in the formula refers to odds not the odds ratio. These are not
the same thing. As the name suggests the odds ratio is a ratio of
odds. To turn an odds ratio into odds you first need to know the
baseline odds.
An odds is the number of successes per failure
An odds ratio is the ratio by which the odds in one group differs from
the odds in another group.
Say we have two groups, A and B. We know that there are a 100 persons
in each group, the odds ratio comparing A with B is 2, and the
baseline odds (the odds in group A) is .5.
In that case we know the odds in group B is twice the odds in group A.
The odds in group A is .5, so the odds in group B is 2*.5=1. So within
group A we expect .5 successes per failure, and in group B we expect 1
success per failure. These are the odds.
We now know that in group A the probability of success is
.5/(1+.5)=1/3 and in group B the probability of success is
1/(1+1)=1/2.
Now we know that there were (approximately) 33 successes and 67
failures in group A and 50 successes and 50 failures in group B.
Notice that if we did not know the baseline odds (and unfortunately
this is often not reported) we could not compute these numbers.
-- Maarten
--------------------------
Maarten L. Buis
Institut fuer Soziologie
Universitaet Tuebingen
Wilhelmstrasse 36
72074 Tuebingen
Germany
http://www.maartenbuis.nl
--------------------------
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