.
You said:
Suppose I have subjects assigned to treatment with outcomes
measured at repeated occasions, and a covariate.
This design is a simple one between one within split-plot with a
covariate. If we ignore the covariate, the ANOVA design would be,
from http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/stata/faq/xtmixed.htm:
/* spf-2.4 subjects nested in a */
/* between subjects: a */
/* within subjects: b */
use http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/stata/examples/kirk/spf2-4, clear
/* anova code: */ anova y a / s|a b a*b /, repeated(b)
xi3 e.a*e.b
xtmixed y _Ia_2 _Ib_2 _Ib_3 _Ib_4 _Ia2Xb2 _Ia2Xb3 _Ia2Xb4 || s:
test _Ia_2
test _Ib_2 _Ib_3 _Ib_4
/* scale chi^2 as F-ratio to compare with anova */
display r(chi2)/r(df)
test _Ia2Xb2 _Ia2Xb3 _Ia2Xb4
display r(chi2)/r(df)
*
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